Background Over the last few decades medical research and development has come to
depend more heavily on the financial support of industry. However, there is concern that …

Background: Industry sponsorship has been identified as a source of bias in several fields of
medical science. To date, the influence of industry sponsorship in the field of general and …

Background: Conflicting reports exist in the medical literature regarding the association
between industry funding and published research findings. In this study, we examine the …

BACKGROUND: A low prevalence of high-level clinical studies in the surgical literature has
been reported previously. We reviewed a recent sample of surgical publications to assess …

Surgeons are often accused of lagging behind their medical colleagues in embracing
evidence based medicine and utilizing new research tools to conducting high quality …

Objective: To evaluate whether the methodologic quality of the most highly cited surgical
clinical evidence has improved over the past 20 years. Summary Background Data: There …

Introduction Clinical and experimental research in medicine has been the main path to most
of advances in diagnosis and therapy throughout the history, with remarkable surgeons as …

Background Publication bias occurs when statistically non-significant (negative) findings are
not published. It can profoundly affect the results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses …

Background: It is commonly believed that women surgeons are less likely to be funded and
to publish than their male counterparts. According to the American Board of Surgery …

The terms Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and Evidence-Based Surgery (EBS) are
ubiquitous now. With very few exceptions, however, most surgeons who use these terms do …