Background Previous studies suggest that, for some conditions, women receive fewer
health care interventions than men. We estimated the potential need for arthroplasty and the …

Background Total joint arthroplasty is a highly efficacious and cost-effective procedure for
moderate to severe arthritis in the hip and knee. Although patient characteristics are …

Background Many studies conducted in health and social sciences collect individual level
data as outcome measures. Usually, such data have a hierarchical structure, with patients …

OBJECTIVE—To identify and synthesize evidence about the effectiveness of patient, provider,
and health system interventions to improve diabetes care among socially disadvantaged …

Objectives: Area-based measures of socio-economic status are increasingly used in population
health research. Based on previous research and theory, the Canadian Marginalization …

Objective: To review the efficacy of common interventions for shoulder pain. Design: All
randomised controlled trials of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, intra-articular and …

Using multilevel analysis we find that residents of “stressed” neighborhoods have higher
levels of depression than residents of less “stressed” neighborhoods. Data for individuals are …

Importance Rates of obesity and diabetes have increased substantially in recent decades;
however, the potential role of the built environment in mitigating these trends is unclear. …

Background Adherence to prescribed regimens is required to derive maximal benefit from
many highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens in people living with HIV/AIDS. …

Background. Area variation in the use of surgical interventions such as arthroplasty is viewed
as concerning and inappropriate. Objectives. To determine whether area arthroplasty rates …