Background: Job competition and underemployment among surgeons emphasize the
importance of equitable hiring practices. The purpose of this study was to describe some of …

Background Underrepresentation of minorities within academic surgery is an ever present
problem with a profound impact on healthcare. The factors influencing surgery residents to …

Objective: To describe and evaluate trends of general surgery residency applicants,
matriculants, and graduates over the last 13 years. Summary of Background Data: The …

Introduction Recruitment efforts have demonstrated small increases in female and under-
represented applicants in recent years; however, the majority of surgical programs remain …

Objective Assessing workforce diversity over time is essential to understanding how it has
evolved and anticipating its future. We conducted the current study to evaluate gender …

Introduction Efforts have been made to increase the number of women and physicians who
are underrepresented in medicine (UIM). However, surgery has been slow to diversify, and …

BACKGROUND: We sought to determine the extent to which recent increases in levels of
gender and racial diversity in the overall resident-physician workforce were evident among …

Introduction Women comprise nearly half of all residents in training, yet there is a significant
disparity of women in academic leadership. Surgical subspecialties are dominated by men …

Methods Data was collected from general surgical departments offering residency training in
the US and Canada. The information gathered about faculty members included gender …

OBJECTIVE Examine trends in the proportion of underrepresented minority (URM) residents
from 2011 to 2019 across all specialties and investigate differences between surgical and …